ClassApna

Class 12 Chemistry Notes

Class 12 Chemistry Notes

One place for all your Class 12 Chemistry revision. Chapter-wise notes covering the solid state, solutions, electrochemistry, chemical kinetics, organic and inorganic chemistry — each with key formulas, exam pointers, and solved JEE/NEET examples, written for CBSE boards and national exams.

Class12SubjectChemistryCoversCBSE · JEE · NEET

Written byDeep Narayan· Science & Mathematics EducatorReviewed byPushpanjali

What is covered in Class 12 Chemistry?

Class 12 Chemistry has three main branches: physical chemistry (solid state, solutions, electrochemistry, chemical kinetics), organic chemistry (haloalkanes, alcohols, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, amines), and inorganic chemistry (p-block, d-block, f-block and coordination compounds).

About the Class 12 Chemistry Notes

These chapter-wise notes condense the entire Class 12 chemistry syllabus (both CBSE and most state boards, aligned with the JEE Main and NEET syllabi) into quick-revision sheets. Each chapter page gives you the essential concepts, the key formulas in one place, exam pointers that save time in the exam hall, and a quick FAQ that answers the most-asked questions.

How to use these notes

Use each chapter page for last-minute revision: read the quick answer, scan the key formulas, then test yourself with the exam pointers. The numeric formula lists also double as a formula sheet right before the exam.

Physical Chemistry Chapters

  • Solid State — unit cells, packing efficiency, voids (Schottky and Frenkel defects), and density.
  • Solutions — concentration terms, Raoult's law, colligative properties and the van't Hoff factor.
  • Electrochemistry — Nernst equation, conductance, and electrolysis.
  • Chemical Kinetics — rate laws, order of reaction, and the Arrhenius equation.

Formula-heavy chapters

Solid State, Solutions and Electrochemistry together carry the bulk of the numerical questions in JEE and NEET. Master the density, colligative and Nernst equation formulas first.

Organic Chemistry Chapters

  • Haloalkanes and Haloarenes — substitution reactions and named reactions.
  • Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers — acidity and the Lucas test.
  • Aldehydes and Ketones — nucleophilic addition and tests.
  • Carboxylic Acids and Amines — acidity, basicity, and named reactions.
Tollens’ test: R-CHO→R-COO−+Ag (silver mirror)\text{Tollens' test:}\ \text{R-CHO} \to \text{R-COO}^- + \text{Ag}\ (\text{silver mirror})
Aldehyde test to remember

Inorganic Chemistry Chapters

  • p-Block Elements — groups 15 to 18 and their key properties.
  • d- and f-Block Elements — transition metals, lanthanides and actinides.
  • Coordination Compounds — nomenclature, bonding, crystal field theory and isomerism.

Fact-heavy chapters

Inorganic chemistry is information-dense. The chapter pages pull out the high-yield facts — like the spectrochemical series and why Sc and Zn are not typical transition elements.

Revision

Key formulas at a glance

Memorise these before attempting numericals — most exam questions hinge on one of them.

Density of a unit cell

ρ=ZMNAa3\rho = \frac{ZM}{N_A a^3}

Relative lowering of v.p.

p∘−pp∘=xsolute\frac{p^{\circ}-p}{p^{\circ}} = x_{\text{solute}}

Depression of F.P.

ΔTf=Kfm\Delta T_f = K_f m

Osmotic pressure

π=CRT\pi = CRT

Nernst equation

E=E∘−0.059nlog⁡QE = E^{\circ} - \frac{0.059}{n}\log Q

Exam tips

How this chapter is asked

Where this topic appears in CBSE, JEE Main and NEET papers.

  • Solid State: density = ZM/(N_A a³); fcc has 74% packing.
  • Solutions: molality is temperature-independent; colligative properties depend on particle number.
  • Electrochemistry: use the Nernst equation at 298 K with 0.059 V.
  • Organic: Tollens' test (silver mirror) identifies aldehydes.
  • Inorganic: strong-field ligands form low-spin complexes.

FAQ

Common questions

How many chapters are there in Class 12 Chemistry?

Under the CBSE curriculum there are about 10 chapters, split across physical, organic and inorganic chemistry. This hub links each chapter's dedicated revision notes.

Which Class 12 chemistry chapter carries the most marks?

Solutions, Electrochemistry and Chemical Kinetics (physical), plus Organic chemistry overall, typically command the largest weight in board exams and are heavily tested in JEE and NEET.

Can I use these notes for JEE and NEET preparation?

Yes. Each chapter page aligns with the Class 12 syllabus common to CBSE, JEE Main/Advanced and NEET, and highlights pre-exam pointers plus graspable formula summaries.

How should I revise Class 12 chemistry?

Start with the physical chemistry formulas, then drill organic named reactions and original mechanisms, and finish with inorganic facts. Use each chapter's key-formulas section as a quick revision sheet.

Continue learning

Related notes

Solid State NotesSolutions NotesOrganic Chemistry NotesInorganic Chemistry NotesElectrochemistry NotesChemical Kinetics NotesChemistry Tutor in Mohali

Test yourself

MCQ mock test

Exam-style questions for this chapter — no login required. Submit to see your score instantly.

Chapter mock test

Check how much of this chapter you have actually locked in — exam-style questions with instant scoring.

15 questions (of 25)~23 minNo login needed

Mastering this chapter with live help

Notes help, but doubts clear fastest in a live class. Narayan Gurukul Academy (ClassApna) runs small-batch CBSE, JEE and NEET coaching from our Mohali centre and online — with daily doubt support and mock tests.

Book a Free DemoSee plans & pricing

One-on-one guidance available · Live online classes across India